Struktur Komunitas Plankton di Perairan Pulau Barrang Lompo Kota Makassar = Plankton Community Structure in the Waters of Barranglompo Island, Makassar City

Introductions. Plankton are small organisms that are the basis of the marine food chain and have a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem. Indonesia is an archipelagic country that has extraordinary marine wealth. Islands throughout the Indonesian archipelago are home to various unique and diverse marine ecosystems, including Barrang Lompo Island in South Sulawesi. Research on plankton on Barrang Lompo Island has enormous importance in the context of an archipelagic country like Indonesia. Objective. This research aims to determine the composition, report and diversity of plankton as well as determine the environmental factors that influence the structure of the plankton community in the waters of Barrang Lompo Island. Method. Sampling was carried out at four stations using a plankton net, plankton observations using Sedgewick Rafter Counting (SRC), and diversity level analysis (H') using the Shannon-Wiener Index. Results. Based on the research, 31 types of plankton were identified. Of the 31 types of plankton, 22 types are phytoplankton and the remaining 9 types are zooplankton. The abundance of phytoplankton obtained from 4 zones in the waters of Barrang Lompo Island averages 1547 individuals per liter of water, and the abundance of zooplankton averages 70 individuals per liter of water. The composition of phytoplankton is dominated by the Bacillariophyceae class with a percentage of 97% and zooplankton is dominated by the Oligotrichea class with a percentage of 48%. The phytoplankton diversity index from the four research zones ranges between 1.44 and 1.93, with the seagrass zone having the highest diversity index value of 1.93. In contrast, the zooplankton diversity index ranges between 0.10 and 0.53, with the coral zone having the highest diversity index value of 0.53. The temperature, pH and salinity conditions are normal, so it can be concluded that overall the air quality parameters are still within the normal range for the growth and development of plankton in the waters of Barrang Lompo Island, Makassar City. Conclusion. Overall, the average diversity index value of phytoplankton indicates a moderate level of diversity, while the average diversity index value of zooplankton indicates a low level of diversity due to the limited number of zooplankton species obtained, emphasizing the need to increase effective and sustainable coral transplantation programs.

Kata kunci: Struktur komunitas, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman, plankton, Pulau Barrang Lompo