Employment Opportunities and Women's Revenue in Agricultural Modernization

The paradigm of modernization of agricultural development implementation based on the concept of efficiency has resulted in considerable changes in the farming community, particularly in the economic structure of the village. It also causes signs of disintegration in the division of labor of female farm laborers in agriculture, which threatens to destroy women's production function. This research aims to present diverse (theoretical) opinions regarding the role and opportunity of women farmers and determine the influence of agricultural modernization on job opportunities and earnings of female farmworkers in the farming sector. The research approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative with a case study format. Purposive sampling was used to select informants. At the same time, data collection approaches such as observation and in-depth interviews were used. The findings revealed that agricultural modernization harmed local wisdom. Also impacted job opportunities, and the salary of female farm laborers has decreased. This issue is evident when female farm laborers are now performed by technology and men who work as agricultural machine operators. The decrease in employment opportunities for female farm laborers affects their income as well. Women farm laborers are no longer paid the same as they were before agricultural modernization. Transforming the economic system from a production-oriented to a commercial-oriented one results from the subsystem's production orientation. Because of the fading of a women farm laborer, the sharpening of social stratification, and social polarization, the process of changing social structures marginalizes women farmers.