PENGARUH OBAT ANTI INFLAMASI NON-STEROID PADA PERGERAKAN GIGI ORTODONTI = THE EFFECT OF NON-STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORY MEDICINES ON THE MOVEMENT OF ORTHODONTIC TEETH

Latar Belakang : Perawatan ortodonti kini mengalami peningkatan pesat di dalam perkembangan teknologinya dan sudah dilakukan beberapa cara untuk mendefinisikan akan perawatan ortodonti. Alat ortodonti pada umumnya digunakan untuk membetulkan maloklusi yang melibatkan proses remodeling tulang alveolar. Pergerakan gigi adalah prinsip utama di balik perawatan ortodonti yang bisa menimbulkan efek nyeri sebagai respon biologis yang terjadi selama perawatan. Pada umumnya dokter memberikan jenis Obat Anti-Inflamasi Non- Steroid (OAINS) untuk meredakan rasa nyeri yang ditimbulkan. OAINS sangat berperan terhadap masa perawatan ortodonti, tetapi juga berpotensi mempengaruhi proses pergerakan gigi. Hal ini bergantung pada jenis OAINS yang diberikan. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui jenis – jenis pergerakan gigi ortodonti, golongan OANS, dan mekanisme kerja OAINS pada perawatan ortodonti. Metode : Kajian literature review ini meliputi 6 jurnal dengan melakukan penelusuran jurnal penelitian online terutama yang menyediakan jurnal artikel gratis dalam format PDF, seperti: Google Scholar, Pubmed, Jurn.org, Science Direct, Springer, Ajodo.org dan sumber relevan lainnya berupa buku teks dan hasil penelitian. Kemudian menggunakan table untuk sintesis informasi dari jurnal yang akan dijadikan sebagai acuan. Hasil dan kesimpulan : OAINS jenis Ibuprofen, Aspirin dan Algocalmin terbukti dapat mempengaruhi laju pergerakan gigi selama masa perawatan ortodonti melalui penghambatan prostaglandin yang merupakan mediator utama dalam fase pergerakan gigi. Namun perlu diketahui bahwa tidak semua jenis OAINS terbukti menurunkan laju pergerakan gigi ortodonti. Penggunaan OAINS dengan dosis yang relevan seperti Naproxen 5%, terbukti efektif dan aman dalam meredakan rasa nyeri tanpa mengurangi laju pergerakan gigi ortodonti. Selain itu, pemilihan OAINS jenis Etoricoxib, Acetaminophen dan Loxoprofen juga dapat disarankan, karena obat ini cukup aman secara klinis dalam meredakan rasa nyeri selama perawatan berlangsung.
Background : Orthodontic treatment is now experiencing a rapid increase in technological developments and several methods have been carried out to define orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic appliances are commonly used to correct malocclusions that involve the process of alveolar bone remodeling. Tooth movement is the main principle behind orthodontic treatment which can cause pain effect as a biological response that occurs during treatment. Doctors generally prescribe Non-Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve the pain caused. NSAIDs play a very important role in the period of orthodontic treatment, but also have the potential to affect the process of tooth movement. This depends on the type of NSAID given. Objective: To determine the types of orthodontic tooth movement, the NSAID group, and the mechanism of action of NSAIDs in orthodontic treatment. Methods: This literature review includes 6 journals by searching online research journals, especially those that provide free journal articles in PDF format, such as: Google Scholar, Pubmed, Jurn.org, Science Direct, Springer, Ajodo.org and other relevant sources in the form of books. text and research results. Then use the table to synthesize information from the journal that will be used as a reference. Results and conclusions: NSAIDs such as Ibuprofen, Aspirin and Algocalmin have been shown to affect the rate of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment through the inhibition of prostaglandins which are the main mediators in the tooth movement phase. However, it should be noted that not all types of NSAIDs have been shown to reduce the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. The use of NSAIDs with relevant doses, such as Naproxen 5%, has been shown to be effective and safe in relieving pain without reducing the rate of movement of orthodontic teeth. In addition, the selection of NSAIDs such as Etoricoxib, Acetaminophen and Loxoprofen can also be recommended, because these drugs are clinically safe enough to relieve pain during treatment.
Kata kunci : pengaruh, OAINS, pergerakan gigi ortodonti.
Keywords: effect, NSAIDs, orthodontic tooth movement.