Biodeteriorasi Kayu oleh Rayap pada Bangunan Pemukiman Kota Makassar = Wood Biodeterioration by Termites in Residential Buildings in Makassar City

WA ODE MAHARANI RAHMAYANTI SYAFAAT. Wood Biodeterioration by Termites in Residential Buildings in Makassar City (supervised by Prof. Dr. Ir. Astuti, S.Hut., M.Si., IPU) Background. The rapid development of residential areas in Makassar City has increased the use of wood materials in buildings, thereby raising the risk of damage caused by wood-destroying organisms, particularly termites. Termites function as decomposers in ecosystems; however, in residential environments they can become pests that cause wood biodeterioration and reduce building quality and safety. Objective. This study aims to identify attacking termite species, analyze damage characteristics, and evaluate the level of wood biodeterioration in structural components of buildings in Griya Panakukang Indah. Methods. The study employed purposive sampling, inventory of sample houses, visual observation of damage characteristics, assessment of damage degree based on ASTM standards, and calculation of attack intensity. Termite specimens were collected and identified through morphological and morphometric observations. Results. Termite attacks were found in several clusters with varying levels of damage. Damage characteristics included nests, tunnel traces, pellets, and termite presence. Vulnerable building components included door frames, columns, ceilings, and roof structures. The termite groups identified were drywood termites and subterranean termites, with the species identified as Microcerotermes serrula. Wood damage ranged from light to severe, with varying attack intensity across building components. Conclusion. Wood biodeterioration is influenced by environmental conditions, building maintenance, and termite biological characteristics.