PENGHARGAAN ATAS KEGAGALAN DAN PENGABAIAN PENGUASAAN KOMPETENSI: SEBUAH INKUIRI NARATIF TENTANG PARADOKS PEMBELAJARAN PEMANDU LALU LINTAS UDARA DI INDONESIA"

In the high-stakes environment of aviation, where clear communication is a critical pillar of safety, the English proficiency of Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) is paramount. This dissertation employs a qualitative narrative inquiry to investigate the English Language Learning Strategies (LLS) of controllers at the Makassar Air Traffic Service Center (MATSC). Moving beyond a simple inventory of strategies, this study explores what strategies are used, how they contribute to the achievement of ICAO English Language Proficiency (IELP) levels, and why they are shaped by the institutional environment. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 20 controllers, whose narratives were analyzed through the frameworks of Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) and LLS. The findings reveal a cohort of highly autonomous professionals who possess a foundational “growth mindset,” viewing English as a malleable skill for which they hold personal responsibility. The study concludes that ongoing, self-regulated learning habits developed on the job are more critical to high achievement than a formal pre-training background. Furthermore, this strategic divergence is heavily constrained by a passive institutional environment, which fosters a “Social Strategy Paradox” (where the most valued strategy, conversation, is least accessible) and is undermined by a “Remedial Reward Paradox” in its training policies. The study concludes that the nature of a controller’s strategic habits, as shaped by the institutional culture, is the principal determinant of their IELP achievement. The findings lead to a series of actionable recommendations for key stakeholders including Air Navigation Service Provider (ANSP), English language teaching institutions, the controllers themselves, and future researchers, all aimed at collectively engineering a proactive learning culture that nurtures the effective habits of its most successful controllers, thereby enhancing communicative competence and aviation safety