AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT BATANG NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyluss) TERHADAP BAKTERI MULTIDRUG RESISTANT Pseudomonas aeruginosa = ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF TRUNK BARK JACKFRUIT (Artocarpus heterophyluss) AGAINST MULTIDRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Latar Belakang. Pseudomonas aeruginosa multidrug resistant (MDR) merupakan salah satu patogen oportunistik yang semakin sulit diobati akibat resistensi terhadap berbagai golongan antibiotik. Upaya pencarian sumber antibakteri baru dari bahan alam menjadi penting, salah satunya melalui pemanfaatan kulit batang nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) yang diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif flavonoid. Tujuan. Mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol kulit batang nangka terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa MDR serta mengidentifikasi senyawa bioaktif melalui uji LC-MS dan molecular docking. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan uji difusi untuk mengukur zona hambat pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%. Analisis LC-MS dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa bioaktif, sedangkan molecular docking menggunakan AutoDock Vina dengan protein target GyrB (PDB: 8BN6). Hasil. Konsentrasi 20% ekstrak etanol kulit batang nangka menghasilkan zona hambat optimum sebesar 14,8 mm yang termasuk kategori sangat kuat. Analisis LC-MS menemukan beberapa senyawa bioaktif, antara lain flavonoid, artonol B, artocarpin, morin, dan saponin. Hasil docking menunjukkan senyawa Artonin T (-8,8 kcal/mol), 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4H,8H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-4-one (-8,6 kcal/mol), dan Cycloartobiloxanthone (-8,3 kcal/mol) memiliki afinitas ikatan yang kuat terhadap protein target. Kesimpulan. Ekstrak etanol kulit batang nangka berpotensi sebagai sumber antibakteri alami terhadap Pseudomonas aeruginosa MDR. Kombinasi hasil uji in vitro dan in silico mendukung pemanfaatannya dalam pengembangan kandidat obat antibakteri baru. Kata kunci: Artocarpus heterophyllus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MDR, antibakteri, LC-MS, Molecular docking. Background. Multidrug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that has become increasingly difficult to treat due to resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics. Natural products are potential sources of new antibacterial agents, including jackfruit bark (Artocarpus heterophyllus), which contains bioactive flavonoids. Objective. To evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of jackfruit bark against MDR P. aeruginosa and to identify its bioactive compounds through LC-MS and molecular docking analysis. Methods. This experimental study employed the diffusion method to measure inhibition zones at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. LC-MS was used to identify bioactive compounds, while molecular docking was performed using AutoDock Vina with targetting protein GyrB (PDB: 8BN6). Results. The 20% ethanol extract showed the highest antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone of 14.8 mm, classified as very strong. LC-MS analysis revealed several bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, artonol B, artocarpin, morin, and saponin. Docking results indicated that Artonin T (-8.8 kcal/mol), 5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8,8-dimethyl-4H,8H-pyrano[3,2-g]chromen-4-one (-8.6 kcal/mol), and Cycloartobiloxanthone (-8.3 kcal/mol) had strong binding affinities with the target protein. Conclusion. Ethanol extract of jackfruit bark has potential as a natural antibacterial agent against MDR P. aeruginosa. The combination of in vitro and in silico results supports its potential development as a candidate for novel antibacterial drugs. Keywords: Artocarpus heterophyllus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MDR, antibacterial, LC-MS, molecular docking.