Correlation Between Oral Health Behavior and Modified Gingival Index in Chronic Kidney Disease

Introduction : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is related to poor oral health, including gingival and periodontal diseases. Poor oral health in CKD patients is an important problem, but often neglected. Oral health status also associated with the individual's Oral Health Behavior (OHB). The aim of this study is to assess the impact of OHB on gingival health status in CKD patients.
Methods: This study was conducted on 86 CKD subjects with eGFR <60 ml/min/1,73m2,who were treated in Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital Makassar, Indonesia from October until December 2020. The OHB assessment was evaluated using Buunk-Werkhoven questionnaire, and the gingival status assessment was evaluated using non-probing (visual) method, namely Modified Gingival Index (MGI). The statistical analyses that used in this study were Chi Square test, Spearman’s Correlation test and Mann-Whitney test (significance p<0,05).
Results: The subjects were 18-75 years old with a mean age 46.6 ± 13.2 years; gender were male 66,3%; had senior high school education were 40,7%; higher income than province minimal wage were 50,0% and with diabetes comorbid were 29,1%. From history taking and oral examination, we found that mean OHB was 8,38 ± 1,60SD and mean MGI was 1,34 ± 0,9SD. There was a significant negative correlation (r = -0,420) between OHB and MGI in CKD patients (p<0,001), where the lower OHB score, the higher MGI score.
Conclusion: Oral health behavior is related to gingival health status in chronic kidney disease patients, wherein poor oral health behavior is associated with poor gingival health status.