HUBUNGAN KADAR VCAM-1 DAN ICAM-1 TERHADAP SEVERITAS PASIEN STROKE ISKEMIK AKUT=THE RELATIONSHIP OF VCAM-1 AND ICAM-1 LEVELS TO SEVERITY IN ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS

ABSTRACT HARIS NUR. The Relationship Between VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 Levels and Severity in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. (Supervised by Muhammad Akbar, Muhammad Yunus Amran, and Rusdina Bte Ladju) Background and Objectives: Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The inflammatory process plays a key role in its pathogenesis, involving adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. However, the relationship between the levels of these two molecules and the severity of acute ischemic stroke remains controversial. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 and the severity of acute ischemic stroke patients. Methods: This study used an observational analytic cross-sectional design conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Central General Hospital, Makassar, and its network hospitals from June to August 2025. A total of 58 acute ischemic stroke patients with an onset of 1-7 days met the inclusion criteria. VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 levels were measured from blood serum using the ELISA method. Stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Statistical analysis used the Spearman correlation test and comparative tests. Results: The mean VCAM-1 level was 38.62 ng/mL and the mean ICAM-1 level was 18.16 ng/mL. Most patients had minor (44.8%) and moderate (48.3%) severity. The analysis showed no significant relationship between VCAM-1 levels (r=0.098; p=0.462) and ICAM-1 levels (r=-0.050; p=0.708) with the NIHSS score. However, in the subgroup of patients without hypertension, there was a significant positive correlation between VCAM-1 and NIHSS (r=0.420; p=0.041). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 levels and the severity of acute ischemic stroke in the overall study population. However, VCAM-1 may have predictive value in certain subpopulations, such as patients without a history of hypertension. Keywords: VCAM-1, ICAM-1, Acute Ischemic Stroke, NIHSS, Severity, Inflammatory Biomarkers.   ABSTRAK HARIS NUR. Hubungan Kadar VCAM-1 dan ICAM-1 Terhadap Severitas Pasien Stroke Iskemik Akut. (dibimbing oleh Muhammad Akbar, Muhammad Yunus Amran, Rusdina Bte Ladju) Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Stroke iskemik akut merupakan penyebab utama kematian dan kecatatan di dunia. Proses inflamasi memegang peran kunci dalam patogenesisnya, yang melibatkan molekul adhesi VCAM-1 dan ICAM-1. Namun, hubungan kadar kedua molekul ini dengan tingkat keparahan (severitas) stroke iskemik akut masih kontroversial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kadar serum VCAM-1 dan ICAM-1 terhadap severitas pasien stroke iskemik akut. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional analitik observasional yang dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar dan rumah sakit jejaring pada Juni–Agustus 2025. Sebanyak 58 pasien stroke iskemik akut onset 1–7 hari memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kadar VCAM-1 dan ICAM-1 diukur dari serum darah menggunakan metode ELISA. Severitas stroke dinilai dengan National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dan uji perbandingan. Hasil: Rerata kadar VCAM-1 adalah 38,62 ng/mL dan ICAM-1 adalah 18,16 ng/mL. Sebagian besar pasien memiliki severitas minor (44,8%) dan sedang (48,3%). Analisis menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar VCAM-1 (r=0.098; p=0.462) dan ICAM-1 (r=-0.050; p=0.708) dengan skor NIHSS. Namun, pada subkelompok pasien tanpa hipertensi, terdapat korelasi positif signifikan antara VCAM-1 dan NIHSS (r=0.420; p=0.041). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar VCAM-1 dan ICAM-1 dengan severitas stroke iskemik akut pada populasi penelitian secara keseluruhan. Namun, VCAM-1 mungkin memiliki nilai prediktif pada subpopulasi tertentu seperti pasien tanpa riwayat hipertensi. Kata Kunci: VCAM-1, ICAM-1, Stroke Iskemik Akut, NIHSS, Severitas, Biomarker Inflamasi