Prevalensi Molar Incisor Hypomineralization pada anak umur 6-12 Tahun di SD Inpres Baraya 1 Makassar 2025 = Prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization on 6-12 Years Old Children in Inpres Baraya 1 Elementary School Makassar 2025

Background: Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect of systemic origin that affects first permanent molars and may involve permanent incisors. The condition often becomes clinically evident after tooth eruption and may be overlooked, resulting in limited local prevalence data. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, distribution, and severity of MIH among children aged 6–12 years at Inpres Baraya 1 Elementary School, Makassar, and to describe the general oral health status of the affected population. Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. A total of 220 children aged 6–12 years were examined using clinical intraoral examination and photographic documentation. MIH was diagnosed and classified using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) MIH scoring criteria to identify defect types and the MIH Treatment Need Index (MIH-TNI) to assess lesion severity and extent. Dental caries status was evaluated using the DMFT index. Descriptive analysis was performed, and the Chi-square test was used to assess the association between age and MIH occurrence (p < 0.05). Results: MIH was identified in 18 children, resulting in a prevalence of 8%. Based on EAPD and MIH-TNI classifications, the majority of MIH-affected teeth were categorized as mild, predominantly presenting as demarcated enamel opacities without extensive post-eruptive breakdown or hypersensitivity. A total of 52 MIH-affected teeth were recorded, with upper first incisors being the most frequently affected tooth type. Statistical analysis showed no significant association between age and MIH occurrence (p = 0.652). DMFT assessment revealed that most children, including those with MIH, were classified in the very low DMFT category, indicating minimal caries experience. Conclusion: The prevalence of MIH among children at Inpres Baraya 1 Elementary School was relatively low, and most cases were mild in severity based on EAPD and MIH-TNI classifications. MIH occurrence was not significantly associated with age and was not accompanied by high DMFT scores. Despite its low prevalence, MIH remains clinically relevant due to its potential impact on dental aesthetics and enamel integrity. Early detection and preventive strategies are recommended to support optimal oral health outcomes.

Keyword : molar–incisor hypomineralization, MIH, MIH-TNI, EAPD, prevalence, children, DMFT.