KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN KANKER GINJAL DI RS UNIVERSITAS HASANUDDIN PERIODE 2023–2024 = CHARACTERISTICS OF KIDNEY CANCER PATIENTS AT HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN 2023–2024

Latar belakang: Kanker ginjal, merupakan salah satu kanker urologi dengan tren peningkatan insidensi secara global. Angka insiden keseluruhan kanker ginjal di Indonesia saat ini adalah sekitar 2,4-3 kasus per 100.000 populasi. Indonesia memiliki risiko kumulatif (cumulative risk) terhadap kanker ginjal sebesar 0,11%, dengan angka kematian mencapai lebih dari 1500 jiwa. Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik pasien kanker ginjal di Rumah Sakit Universitas Hasanuddin tahun 2023–2024 berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, status obesitas, tekanan darah, letak, metastasis, pemeriksaan darah, histopatologi, dan penanganan Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional deskriptif dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel. Hasil: Penelitian ini menganalisis data sekunder rekam medis 8 pasien kanker ginjal di RSP Universitas Hasanuddin periode Januari 2023 - Oktober 2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien didominasi oleh usia ≥ 51 tahun sebesar 62,5%, dengan distribusi jenis kelamin seimbang (50% laki-laki dan 50% perempuan). Sebesar 25,0% pasien terdeteksi hipertensi, dan 25,0% pasien berstatus obesitas. Seluruh kasus yang ditemukan adalah kanker ginjal unilateral (100%), dengan lokasi tumor lebih banyak di ginjal dextra (62,5%) dibandingkan sinistra (37,5%). Metastasis ditemukan pada 3 dari 8 pasien, terdiri atas kasus multiple metastasis (12,5%), metastasis paru (12,5%) dan metastasis tulang (12,5%). Temuan pemeriksaan darah yang paling sering adalah anemia (87,5%), diikuti leukositosis (50,0%) dan azotemia (37,5%). Berdasarkan histopatologi, Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma adalah jenis terbanyak (62,5%). Penanganan utama yang dilakukan adalah nefrektomi radikal (87,5%). Kesimpulan dan saran : Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, disarankan untuk melakukan studi dengan cakupan yang lebih luas dan jumlah sampel yang lebih banyak guna mendapatkan gambaran yang lebih representatif. Selain itu, edukasi kepada masyarakat mengenai kanker ginjal dan faktor risikonya, khususnya pada kelompok usia lansia, perlu ditingkatkan. Upaya pengontrolan tekanan darah juga perlu diperkuat sebagai langkah pencegahan kanker ginjal. Kata kunci: kanker ginjal, karsinoma sel ginjal, clear cell carcinoma, hipertensi, obesitas, nefrektomi Background: Kidney cancer is one of the urological cancers with a global increasing incidence trend. The overall incidence rate of kidney cancer in Indonesia is currently around 2.4-3 cases per 100,000 population. Indonesia has a cumulative risk of kidney cancer of 0.11%, with a mortality rate reaching over 1500 lives. Objective: To determine the characteristics of kidney cancer patients at Hasanuddin University Hospital in 2023–2024 based on age, gender, obesity status, blood pressure, tumor location, metastasis, blood test results, histopathology, and management. Methods: This study employed a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and presented in tabular form. Results: This study analyzed secondary data from the medical records of 8 kidney cancer patients at Hasanuddin University Hospital (RSP Universitas Hasanuddin) from January 2023 to October 2024. The results revealed that patients were predominantly aged ≥51 years (62.5%), with an equal gender distribution (50% male and 50% female). A quarter of the patients (25.0%) were diagnosed with hypertension, and 25.0% were classified as obese; all cases were unilateral kidney cancer (100%), with tumor locations more frequently in the right kidney (dextra) (62.5%) compared to the left (sinistra) (37.5%). Metastasis was observed in 3 of 8 patients, comprising multiple metastases (12.5%), lung metastasis (12.5%), and bone metastasis (12.5%). The most common blood test findings included anemia (87.5%), followed by leukocytosis (50.0%) and azotemia (37.5%). Histopathologically, Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma was the predominant subtype (62.5%), and the primary treatment modality was radical nephrectomy (87.5%). Conclusion and Suggestions: For future research, it is recommended to conduct studies with a broader scope and a larger sample size to obtain a more representative overview. Furthermore, public education regarding kidney cancer and its risk factors, especially for the elderly population, needs to be improved. Efforts to control blood pressure should also be strengthened as a preventive measure against kidney cancer. Keywords: kidney cancer, renal cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, hypertension, obesity, nephrectomy.

Keyword : kidney cancer, renal cell carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, hypertension, obesity, nephrectomy.