Juvenile high-grade astrocytoma mimicking a cerebral abscess: A case report

Introduction: High Grade Astrocytoma (HGAs) is a type of Glioma tumor, observed in less than 15% of all primary neoplasms in the central nervous system, and brain abscess is a relatively rare infection of the parenchyma area. This report is based on HGA cases resembling brain abcesses in girls with symptoms of progressive severe headache accompanied with hemiplegia. Case presentation: An 11-year-old girl was admitted with symptoms of headaches experienced over a period of 4 months. The pain was more progressive, and the patient also has left hemiplegia. Furthermore, head CT scan results with contrast and brain MRI showed a brain abscess (space-occupying lesions – SOL), and tumor removal surgery was performed. The HGA results of Anatomy Pathology were obtained, andtherapy was continued with the administration of the HIT-GBM-C protocol. Therefore, a follow-up was performed at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, and no signs of recurrence were observed. Also, on the outcome of physical examination and brain MRI was within the normal limit. Conclusion: This report shows a rare case of HGA evaluated to share similarities with the incidence of cerebral abscess in children. The tumor diagnosis is based on clinical, radiological and histological examination, principally handled through multi-modality therapy.