ANALISIS KONSENTRASI PARTICULATE MATTER 2.5 (PM2.5) DARI EMISI PABRIK BERDASARKAN VARIASI CUACA SELAMA FASE LA NIÑA DI KAWASAN PT SEMEN TONASA, PANGKEP = ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE MATTER 2.5 (PM2.5) CONCENTRATION FROM FACTORY EMISSIONS BASED ON WEATHER VARIATIONS DURING THE LA NIÑA PHASE IN THE PT SEMEN TONASA AREA, PANGKEP

ABSTRACT MARCHELINA GALUH MARCHELLA. ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE MATTER 2.5 (PM2.5) CONCENTRATION FROM FACTORY EMISSIONS BASED ON WEATHER VARIATIONS DURING THE LA NIÑA PHASE IN THE PT SEMEN TONASA AREA,PANGKEP, (supervised by Prof. Dr. Halmar Halide, M.Sc). Background. The cement industry, particularly PT Semen Tonasa, is one of the major contributors to PM2.5 emissions, which can significantly impact the health of communities surrounding industrial zones. Extreme weather phenomena such as La Niña, characterized by distinct wind and rainfall patterns, have the potential to influence the dispersion of air pollutants from industrial sources. Objective. his study aims to examine the impact of the La Niña phase on the distribution of PM2.5 concentrations and to identify the most influential weather parameters affecting the increase or decrease of particulates during this period. Methods. The methods used include spatial composite analysis to observe the distribution of PM2.5 during the La Niña phase based on the classification of the Nino 3.4 index, as well as the Stepwise Multiple Regression method to identify the dominant meteorological parameters influencing PM2.5 concentration. The analyzed data include PM2.5 concentrations, the Nino 3.4 index, and meteorological data such as wind speed, wind direction, air temperature, humidity, surface pressure, and rainfall from 2014 to 2022. Results. The analysis shows that during the La Niña phase, PM2.5 concentrations tend to decrease around the emission stack, influenced by higher wind speeds (R² = 0.419; significance < 0.05). Wind speed helps disperse particulates over a wider area, thus reducing concentrations at the source point. Although rainfall is high, PM2.5 concentrations do not always decrease due to increased industrial activity and reduced combustion efficiency under humid conditions. Conclusion. This study indicates that the La Niña phase contributes to a decrease in PM2.5 concentrations at PT Semen Tonasa, with wind speed being the primary factor in particulate dispersion. High rainfall does not always reduce PM2.5 concentrations due to the influence of other variabels, such as industrial operation intensity and combustion efficiency. This model has the potential for more adaptive air quality management in response to climate change.

Keywords: PM2.5, La Niña, industry, weather.