Efek Propolis (Trigona Honey) Terhadap Berat Badan dan Kadar Serum Nuclear Factor kappa Beta (NFkB) pada Tikus Wistas (Rattus Norvegicus) dengan Diet Lemak Tinggi = The Strong Effect of Propolis in Suppressing NF-kB, Cysc, and ACE2 on a High-fat- Diet

ABSTRACT Muhammad Reza Primaguna. Effect of Propolis (Trigona Honey) on Body Weight and Nuclear Factor kappa beta (NFkB) serum in Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) on a High Fat Diet (HFD) Background: Obesity is excessive fat accumulation due to an imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure and is closely related to a high-fat diet. Some of the body's responses that can occur due to obesity are an increase in Nuclear Factor kappa Beta (NFkB). Propolis (Trigona Honey) is a resin substance (sap) that comes from the Apis mellifera bee and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antiviral, antidiabetic effects. Aim: The purpose of the study was to determine to what extent the effect of giving propolis on HFD on body weight and NFkB serum in Wistar rats (Rattus Norvegicus). Materials and Methods: Experimental with post-test and control group design. 24 rats were divided into 4 groups randomly with the same number (n=6). Group I was the group given normal diet for 16 weeks (ND), group II was the group given HFD for 16 weeks (HFD), group III was the group given HFD for 16 weeks and Propolis for 8 weeks (HFD-8), group IV was the group given HFD and Propolis for 16 weeks (HFD-16). Body weight (BW) and serum NFkB levels were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) before treatment (week 0), after 8 weeks of HFD (HFD-8) (week-8) and after 16 weeks of HFD (HFD- 16) Results: There was no significant difference in the mean initial weight in the ND, HFD, HFD-8 and HFD-16 groups (p > 0.001). At week 8, there was a significant increase in body weight in the HFD group compared to the ND group (254.83 grams vs 202.0 grams) (p<0.001). At week 16, there was a significant increase in body weight in the HFD and HFD-8 groups compared to the ND group (334.83 grams and 269.50 grams vs 208.67 grams) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in mean BW between ND and HFD-16 at week 16 (p>0.001). There was no significant difference in the mean initial NFkB levels in the ND, HFD, HFD-8 and HFD-16 groups (p > 0.001). At week 8, there was a significant increase in NFκB levels in the HFD group compared to the ND group (5,038 ng/ml vs 3,655 ng/ml) (p<0.001). At week 16, there was a significant increase in NFκB levels in the HFD and HFD-8 groups compared to the ND group (6,136 ng/ml and 4,378 ng/ml vs 3,775 ng/ml) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in mean NFκB levels between ND and HFD-16 at week 16 (p>0.001). Conclusion: Propolis administration for 16 weeks can suppress the increase in body weight and serum NFkB in rats given a high fat diet (HFD). Keywords: High fat diet (HFD), Propolis (Trigona Honey), Body Weight (BW), NFkB, ELISA, Obesity, Wistar rat (Ratus Norvegicus).

Keywords: High fat diet (HFD), Propolis (Trigona Honey), Body Weight (BW), NFkB, ELISA, Obesity, Wistar rat (Ratus Norvegicus).