Polimorfisme cathecol-O-Methyltrasnferase (COMT) Val158Met Pada Pasien Skizofrenia Etnis Toraja

Objectives :The Torajanese has a ritual tradition for the dead and marriage ceremonies from generation to generation on a large-scale; this is one of the cultural factor that influences the evolution of genetic adaptation. Increased incidence of schizophrenia annually is often associated with Cathecol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphisms as one of the genes causing schizophrenia. This study was aimed to determine the association between Cathecol -O- Methyltrnasferase Val 158 Met polymorphisms and psychosocial stressors with schizophrenia in Torajanese schizophrenia patients.
Method : This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional analytical description. There were 210 subjects divided equally into 3 groups, namely the Torajanese schizophrenia group with three subsequent generations (n = 70), normal Torajanese group (n = 70) and normal non-Torajanese group (n = 70). This study was conducted at Hasanuddin University Hospital and its network. PCR and RFLP examination were used for Cathecol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val 158 Met polymorphism. Questionnaire was used to assess the psychosocial stressors.
Result : There was a significant difference in the distribution of genotypes between the Torajanese schizophrenia group and the normal Torajanese group, between the normal Torajanese group and the the normal non-Torajanese group (p <0.05). There were 3 genotypes in Cathecol -O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphisms in Torajanese, namely Val/Val, Val/Met and Met/Met; and for the 140 subjects of the Torajanese, the amount of Val/Val genotypes was 104 (74.3 %) subjects, Val/Met genotype was 32 (22.9%) subjects and Met/Met genotype was 4 (2.9%) subjects. It was found that 66 (47.1%) subjects had psychosocial stressors and 74 (52.9%) subjects didn’t have psychosocial stressor.
Conclusion : There was a significant relationship between Cathecol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphisms and Torajanese schizophrenia group. There was a significant association between psychosocial stressors and Torajanese schizophrenia group. There was no significant difference in PANSS scores on the COMT Val 158 Met polymorphism genotypes.