TINGKAT KEPOSITIFAN SPUTUM SITOLOGI DIBANDINGKAN DENGAN BRONKOSKOPI/TTNA PADA PASIEN KANKER PARU DI RSUD WAHIDIN SUDIROHUSODO

Introduction: Sputum cytology is the only non-invasive method which can detect early lung malignancies. The principle of it is a finding of a cells shed from the lesion, either spontaneously or artificially. Aim: to evaluate the positivity rate of sputum cytology compared to bronchoscopy or transthoracic needle aspiration (TTNA) in lung cancer patient. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study used a medical record data using SIRS from 2022 until completed or reached the desired number of samples at Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital, Makassar. Patients diagnosed with lung cancers, done a sputum cytology, and bronchoscopy/ TTNA were included. The patients had consented to be included in the study and the study had passed the ethical clearance from Hasanuddin Medical University Ethical Research Committee. Results: A 111 patients with lung cancer, which 46 patients (41,4%) was adenocarcinoma and the other 65 patients (58,6%) was squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with a positive sputum cytology were 5 patients (4,5%), with tumor sizes ≥3cm were 107 patients (86%), and with a hemoptysis history was 59 patients (53,2%). The relationship between sputum cytology and histopathology, tumor size, and hemoptysis history were not significant (each p value >0.05). However, there were a relationship between sputum cytology and tumor location with a significant relationship between the two (p value = 0.002). Conclusion: Sputum cytology is not recommended for diagnosing lung cancer due to low positivity rate, but the prediction rate is high which most likely is central squamous cell carcinoma.

Keywords: sputum cytology, bronchoscopy, transthoracic needle aspiration, lung cancer