LITERATURE REVIEW: THE BONDING PERFORMANCE OF UNIVERSAL TWO-STEP SELF-ETCH ADHESIVE MATERIALS = LITERATURE REVIEW: THE BONDING PERFORMANCE OF UNIVERSAL TWO-STEP SELF-ETCH ADHESIVE MATERIALS

Background: Universal adhesives, used as self-etch or etch-and-rinse, vary in bond strength depending on application mode. There in vitro performance is material-dependent, with acid etching increasing bond strength and laser etching providing similar results. Coating with hydrophobic resin enhances bonding performance. One-step universal adhesives have limitations like reduced bond strength and moisture sensitivity, making them unsuitable for extensive restorations. Researchers have developed two-step universal adhesives to improve bond strength, but bonding performance remains scarce. Objective: The purpose of this literature review was to inform How is the performance of universal two step self –etch adhesive material to tooth structure. Method: This research used a Literature Review study design to assessment and evaluation of research studies about The Bonding Performance of Universal Two-Step Self-Etch Adhesive Results: Self-etch adhesives in dentistry are popular due to their bond strength, resistance to microleakage, and superior marginal adaptation. Research explores hydrophilic and hydrophobic adhesive systems, either two step or one step with deep etching enhancing bond strength but increasing nano leakage risk. Conclusion: Review have shown that Universal two-step self-etching adhesives, a recent dental material development, have demonstrated favorable bonding performance, offering high bond strength, good marginal adaptation, and low microleakage rates, making them a popular choice for dentists.