CANCER ANTIGEN 72-4 (CA 72-4) DAN CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN (CEA) SEBAGAI PENANDA KARSINOMA KOLOREKTAL

Ivonne Desiana Thioritz. Cancer Antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) as tumour markers of colorectal carcinoma
(Supervised by Uleng Bahrun and Tenri Esa)
Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) is a malignant disease that occurs in colon and rectum. Based on Globocan database in 2018, CRC is the third most common cancer in the world, US, and Indonesia, lead to lung and breast cancer, and is the second common cause of mortality after lung cancer. Incidence of CRC is found to be increasing in young patient aged less than 50 years old. Tumour markers test can be used for helping diagnosis in cancer diseases, included CRC. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is one of the most common tumour markers in CRC. There are also some of tumour markers commonly studied in CRC, like Cancer Antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and Cancer Antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4). Aim of this study is to analyze the comparation of CA 72-4 and CEA as a screening and diagnostic marker in CRC, also in differentiating metastatic and non metastatic CRC.
This is a cross sectional study using samples from CRC patients. An amount of 62 samples in this study consists of 54 samples of CRC and 8 samples of non-CRC, based on its histopathology assay. Method used in CA 72-4 assay was ELISA, while CEA datas were based on patient medical records. All datas were collected and categorized then analysed using appropriate statistical test.
Results of this study found that median values of both tumour markers, CEA and CA 72-4, in CRC without any intervention group were higher than CRC with intervention and non-CRC group. There was no significant difference of CA 72-4 (p>0.05), but there was significant difference of CEA between CRC those group (p<0.05). Median values of both tumour markers in metastatic CRC group were higher than in non-metastatic CRC group, nevertheless there was no significant difference of CA 72-4 and CEA between metastatic and non-metastatic CRC group (p>0.05). Highest sensitivity (95.24%) found in CEA with cut off point 1.31 ng/mL and highest specificity (75.00%) found in combination of CEA and CA 72-4 with cut off point ≥ 1.74 U/mL. It was concluded that CA 72-4 itself can not replace CEA as a marker of routine screening in CRC, but combination of CA 72-4 and CEA may help in CRC diagnosis. Both of tumour markers, CA 72-4 and CEA, can not differentiate metastatic and non-metastatic CRC.