KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA KAMPUNG DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA KAMPUNG (STUDI KASUS KAMPUNG-KAMPUNG DI DISTRIK SOTA KABUPATEN MERAUKE) = Leadership of the Village Heads in the Management of Village Funds (Case Study of Villages in Sota District, Merauke Regency)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengeksplorasi karakteristik kepemimpinan dan gaya kepemimpinan kepala kampung dalam pengelolaan dana kampung serta faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi dalam pengelolaan dana kampung di Distrik Sota Kabupaten Merauke.
Metode Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus. Informan penelitian adalah individu yang mampu menjelaskan fenomena pengelolaan dana kampung sesuai dengan realitasnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi.
Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa karekateristik kepemimpinan dalam pengelolaan dana kampung di Distrik Sota menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi. Dua kepala kampung yang menunjukkan karakteristik kepemimpinan ideal meliputi bertanggung jawab, jujur atau dapat dipercaya, tegas, konsisten, dan adil yaitu Kampung Erambu dan Kampung Yanggandur. Sedangkan tiga kampung lainnya yaitu Kampung Sota, Kampung Toray dan Kampung Rawa Biru perlu melakukan perubahan dalam hal karakteristik dalam memimpin pemerintah kampung sehingga berdampak pada kinerja pengelolaan dana kampung masing-masing. Sementara gaya kepemimpinan kepala kampung dalam pengelolaan dana kampung di Distrik Sota ditemukan dua kampung yang memiliki kecenderungan penerapan gaya kepemimpinan demokratis, yaitu kampung Erambu dan Kampung Yanggandur. Sedangkan kepala Kampung Sota dan Toray menunjukkan gaya kepemimpinan yang otoriter dalam pengelolaan dana kampung. Adapun Kampung Rawa Biru, kepala kampungnya cenderung mengarah pada gaya kepemimpinan bebas (Laissez faire). Dan Faktor faktor penentu keberhasilan pengelolaan dana kampung pada kelima kampung di Distrik Sota, yaitu Kampung Sota, Kampung Toray, Kampung Erambu, Kampung Rawa Biru dan Kampung Yanggandur menunjukkan temuan yang sama. Dimana faktor-faktor penentu keberhasilan pengelolaan dana kampung pada lima kampung tersebut meliputi SDM aparatur pemerintah kampung dan SDM Badan Permusyawaratan Kampung, regulasi pemerintah pusat yang seringkali berubah-ubah dan tumpang tindih sehingga sulit mengerti dan dipahami oleh aparat kampung, dan partisipasi masyarakat yang rendah disebabkan warga lebih memilih untuk fokus pada mata pencaharian di hutan dengan berburu atau bertani/berkebun ditempat yang jauh dari kampung.

The purpose of this study was to analyze and explore the leadership characteristics and leadership style of the village head in managing village funds and the factors that contribute to the management of village funds in Sota District, Merauke Regency.
The research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Research informants are individuals who are able to explain the phenomenon of village fund management in accordance with the reality. This study uses data collection techniques including observation, in-depth interviews and documentation.
The results of the study found that the characteristics of leadership in managing village funds in Sota District showed varying results. Two village heads who show ideal leadership characteristics include being responsible, honest or trustworthy, firm, consistent, and fair, namely Kampung Erambu and Kampung Yanggandur. Meanwhile, the other three villages, namely Sota Village, Toray Village and Rawa Biru Village need to make changes in terms of characteristics in leading the village government so that it has an impact on the performance of their respective village fund management. Meanwhile, the leadership style of the village head in managing village funds in Sota District was found in two villages that had a tendency to apply a democratic leadership style, namely Erambu Village and Yanggandur Village. Meanwhile, the heads of Sota and Toray villages showed an authoritarian leadership style in managing village funds. As for Kampung Rawa Biru, the village head tends to lead to a free leadership style (Laissez faire). And the determining factors for the success of village fund management in the five villages in Sota District, namely Sota Village, Toray Village, Erambu Village, Rawa Biru Village and Yanggandur Village showed the same findings. Where the determinants of the success of village fund management in the five villages include the human resources of the village government apparatus and the human resources of the Village Consultative Body, central government regulations that often change and overlap, making it difficult for village officials to understand and understand, and low community participation due to residents prefer to focus on livelihoods in the forest by hunting or farming/gardening in a place far from the village.

Keywords : Karakteristik Kepemimpinan, Gaya Kepemimpinan, Pengelolaan Dana Kampung