Gambaran Aritmia pada Pasien Sindrom Koroner Akut

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the clinical manifestations of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). According to the American Heart Association in 2018, it shows that coronary heart disease is the first cause of death from all cardiovascular diseases by 43.8%. It is known that ACS is in the form of ischemia and myocardial infarction which cause severe metabolic and electrophysiological changes and cause life-threatening arrhythmias with and without symptoms. In addition, so far literature studies are still very limited so that researchers are interested in conducting literature studies.
Methods: In this literature, a search for literature studies was carried out using keywords that match the topic, then filtered with inclusion criteria. Furthermore, the results of data collection and filtering were compiled with a narrative review design.
Results: From the results of the search and screening, 6 studies that match the criteria were obtained. The results showed a variety of arrhythmias in ACS patients in the form of Sinoatrial Sinus Abnormalities, Supraventricular Arrhythmias, Venticular Arrhythmia, Atrioventricular Block and Bundle Branch Block. As well as arrhythmias in the ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), followed by the Non ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), and Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP).
Conclusion: The description of the types of arrhythmias in ACS patients can include sinus tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation / atrial flutter, and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, Premature Ventricular contraction, Non-sustained Ventricular Tachycardia, Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia, torsade de pointoves, and Ventricular fibrillation. Right bundle branch block and Left bundle branch block. Arrhythmias were most common in STEMI, followed by NSTEMI and UAP.

Keyword: Acute Coronary Syndrome, STEMI, NSTEMI, STEAM, Arrhythmias