The legal framework for climate change on power generating policy in Indonesia

The energy sector is the second largest contributor to greenhouse gas emissions after agriculture and forestry. The issue of increasing greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the 35,000-Megawatt power plant program is undoubtedly related to Indonesia's commitment to the 2015 Paris Agreement. The purpose of this study is to identify the legal framework of the Indonesian government's policy towards the 35,000-Megawatt power generation program. The method used is normative legal research conducted by reviewing various power generating- related legal instruments and principles in Indonesia. The results show that constructing a power plant based on coal will affect Indonesia's commitments in the 2015 Paris Agreement. Indonesia has not yet passed the draft Renewable Energy Law; therefore, it is necessary to harmonize some Indonesian legal instruments to deal with this issue. In connection to climate change, coal is one of the significant contributors to climate change. The National Electricity Company (PLN) and IPP power plants need to increase electricity growth by 8.6%, increasing the number of power plants to 80,538 MW from 48,000 MW. In this case, the need for coal fuel in power plants is 60%, the rest comes from new renewable energy (water, geothermal, and solar) by 5%, and the remaining 45% comes from other premier fuels (diesel and petroleum).