Effects of probiotics on immunity and iron homeostasis: A mini-review

Iron deficiency remains a major problem in both developed and developing countries. Iron supple- mentation has been used as a standard intervention for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). There are many factors affecting the efficacy, including stunting, infections or in- flammations, and genetics. Recently, some studies have been conducted to further investigate the effects of probiotics on immunity and iron homeostasis. This mini review discusses about some important factors that can improve the management of IDA.