The Existence of Mantra Pagalung for Makassar Ethnic: Etno- literature Perspective

Mantra Pagalung is one of the ethno-literatures of Makassar ethnic in south Sulawesi. Its genre is traditional poetry. Traditional poetry is then supposed to be a mantra. Because it is related to agriculture, this mantra is given the name Mantra Pagalung. The content of this mantra reflects the mindset and attitude associated with farming tools. The relevant theories used for this study are anthropology and ethno-literature. The purpose of this research is to reveal the patterns of mantras based on the description of the socio-cultural institutions of the Makassar people. Through this research, it will be revealed and explained the forms of community culture which are reflected in the Mantra Pagalung in Bontomanai village, Tompobulu sub-district, Maros regency. The discussion in the Mantra Pagalung of the Makassar people is carried out using a literary anthropological approach. There are two data collection methods used in this study, namely the first method of library research in the form of literature studies related to the object of study, and secondly, the field method carried out by conducting interviews with note-taking techniques. Data analysis was carried out using a qualitative descriptive method, namely explaining the data of the Mantra Pagalung according to the actual state of the data. The results of this study indicate that the form of the Mantra Pagalung consists of two parts, namely the bound form (patterned) and the unbound form (free). Based on the cultural form of the community, there are some ideas found. They are ideas of divinity, fertility, and salvation; a form of activity or behavior when sowing rice, pulling seeds, planting rice, visiting rice, and starting harvesting; and the form of objects related to nature, humans, places, and equipment.